Efficient cutting edge tool is aided promote development of processing technique of plane structural member

Hardness of family name of 48MPa, cloth is the 156HBS, outspread S that lead δ 5% , 1000 ℃ are thermal conductance 142W/ (M · K) , intensity and hardness inferior, plasticity is lesser, wear away to cutting tool small, and because thermal conductance is a few taller than copper alloy, make cutting temperature lower, because generate brittleness compound CuAl2 to distributing to go up at interface of solid solution grain,together with exceeds duralumin alloy, make tenacity and plasticity are reduced, reason has good cutting to machine function. So the costal region between crossbeam of aluminium alloy wing, wainscot and bridge suits high speed cutting very much. The large connect that prop up and semifinished product of butt joint connect are aluminium alloy free forging or modular forging, raw material is anneal condition, main treatment technological process is heat treatment of rough machining, aggrandizement and finish machining. Because aluminium alloy melting point is inferior, the plasticity after temperature is elevatory increases, below action of high temperature high pressure, attrition of the interface that cut bits is very big, stick a knife easily to form the tumour that accumulate bits, especially the exterior quality that the aluminium alloy of anneal condition has acquired not easily. This kind of connect is together with more deep chamfer antrum, Gao Er piece structure, cutting cutting tool is dangerous extend a capacity big, rigid difference, extremely easy generation is vibratile, cutting efficiency is very low also. Because titanium alloy compares intensity (of tensile strength and density than) be as high as 23 ～ 29, and in 300 ℃ ～ still can keep tall when 500 ℃ than intensity, have the good performance that fight corrode to the medium such as alkaline, acid. Current, the proportion that titanium alloy material holds in plane structure is larger and larger, what the outline dimension of special and crucial position is more than 1000mm is large bear the connect of force casing, large butt joint that is more than 400mm uses titanium alloy data increasingly also. But as a result of titanium alloy and oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon easy generation chemistry reacts, form hardness the surface layer with tall or big brittleness, and thermal conductivity is poor (the 1/5 ～ 1/7 of 45# steel) , when causing cutting to machine titanium alloy spare parts, temperature of cutting blade negative carring capacity, cutting tall, cutting tool wears away serious. Course of domestic aviation manufacturing industry is accumulated for years, carry a state especially " 95 " , " 15 " and in recent years special technical reformation, introduced facilities of many high-grade CNC Machining from Europe, United States and Japan early or late, these numerical control equipment have rotate speed tall, power is big, mobile fast, precision and precision carry rate the gender is advanced characteristic, alleviated the passive situation that ability of production equipment of plane structural member is not worth for a long time. But expose subsequently went out to machine engineering technology to lag behind, tooling especially the issue that low, quality needs property of knife handle, cutting tool, restricted the normal play of efficiency of numerical control equipment badly. For this, since 2000, each aviation manufactory is introduced through the technology is summed up and learning, pass especially use efficient cutting tool, with high speed efficient cutting was processing technique of numerical control cutting to get rapid development, product surface machines quality and treatment efficiency to all rise somewhat, the long-standing problem in processes of all sorts of CNC Machining of typical plane structural member got preliminary solve. The feature of typical craft structure that the exterior treatment quality that the promotion of new technology, new cutting tool uses pitch of 1 deep chamfer gets ameliorative deep chamfer antrum is plane crossbeam and connect, also be to bring about quality of spare parts surface bad, local gnaw the main reason with small efficiency of knife, treatment. When cutting tool moves to groovy antrum corner to be in by straight edge, as a result of the change that cutting measures, the volume that can cause cutting tool load and direction all produce huge change, cause cutting tool to vibrate, produce corner extremely easily to gnaw a knife, bring about the out of tolerance of quality of spare parts surface and geometrical dimension, this kind of out of tolerance is met quickly as feed speed more become more and more serious, also jump over more greatly as groovy antrum deepness incidental. This one difficult problem inserts mill through be being used a few years ago new technology and insert the new-style cutting tool such as milling cutter to get understanding definitely, for example lesser to radius corner structure, use multilayer cut all right, milling cutter of pencil head form and the method such as 5 coordinate process designing obtained very good treatment result. The application of this new technology and new cutting tool, not only the technical difficult problem that solved easy out of tolerance of groovy antrum corner, also solved the problem with treatment small efficiency at the same time, the course is calculated and the statistic of field data is analysed, plane crossbeam and connect kind the cycle of cutting of numerical control machine tool of the spare parts shortened 10% above. The technology segment that the material purify rate of 2 units time and treatment area raise rough machining substantially is surplus of many purify cutting, semifinishing machining and segment of finish machining technology basically are the technology segment of the geometrical dimension precision that achieves craft requirement through cutting tool cutting and exterior quality. Be aimed at different technology segment, except make full use of as far as possible outside power of main shaft output, high speed is efficient the technology still has different side key on new technology, new cutting tool. When Nextpage 　 rough machining, in machine tool rotate speed enough power of tall, output is enough below big condition, use moire tine milling cutter to be able to reduce the osculatory length of cutting blade and material, reduce load of cutting tool cutting, through raising every tine feed, raise material cutting purify to lead thereby; Use big diameter to carry milling cutter, combinative slope steps down process designing of the knife, knife below corkscrewed yarn, corner to insert the technology such as mill, through increasing cutting tool radial cutting measures Ae, achieve the goal that raises material purify rate; Use integral type milling cutter to choose axial to be cut greatly deep, and the bit of lozenge hard alloy with axial cutting little power, combine a preferential semmetry to machine process designing strategy and higher machine tool rotate speed, measure Ap through increasing cutting of cutting tool axial, raising material purify to lead a respect to be able to obtain very good result as much. When finish machining, below the premise that assures to machine quality, basically be to pass the cutting acreage that increases unit time to gain tall treatment efficiency. Because at present abundantly is used beforehand the puissant hydraulic pressure of the Big-plus BBT with the cutting tool of the pulverous metallurgy high-speed steel of caustic of the cutting tool system that dynamic balancing has debugged, wear-resisting or hard alloy material and more the cutting tool coating with tall, good wearability, reliable hardness, HSK and knife handle of shrinkage fitting type, make the join of cutting tool and knife handle, knife handle and machine tool more accurate, tigidity is better also, when treatment, machine tool rotate speed can achieve 20000 ～ 30000r/min, feed shift speed achieves 10000mm/min above. The cutting tool system of 3 new-style structures extended structural member of plane of process capability of numerical control machine tool to prop up contact and butt joint connect for example, main by groovy antrum, ear piece, ear piece on precision is tall and the assembly with bigger diameter locates the structural feature such as outline of aperture, appearance is comprised. Traditional technique is groovy antrum, ear is machined on CNC Milling piece, after the structure such as appearance outline, treatment move arrives on boring machine, use appropriative boring to have part of the fixed position that hold clip, machine the opening that gives blueprint demand finally thereby. And the structural member such as the costal region between casing and the bridge of the plane, bridge, in the spare parts general design has celiac board the position spends a requirement taller and the aperture of precision fixed position with lesser diameter, it is on predestined relationship board the design is useful the rivet that uses at assembling join the aperture at the beginning of the position, using U to get, super- before the new tool such as getting of essence of life and high speed reamer, these aperture are to use numerical control commonly the aperture at the beginning of machine tool getting, use jig or bore example outfit to place fixed position part, go up in drilling machine or the method of aperture of manual bore bore with a reamer undertakes machining. However the method making hole of above, because need to undertake holding clip again, not only bring about those who machine positional precision to reduce, also because increased technological process, the production that lengthened a spare parts is periodic. Because introducing preliminary adjustments in last few years,the numerical control machine tool with simple, reliable operation uses high accuracy boring tool, make the mill of essence of life, boring mill that bore hole is finished below outfit clip compound technology is able to use promotion. The application of this one technology not only when reducing new-style plane to develop, be opposite bore hole the demand of clamping apparatus, managing develop cost, and the development that reduced a hardware substantially is periodic. In the meantime, because preliminary adjustments of this kinds of boring cutter is accurate and simple reliable, the product quality that can make sure extremely tall treatment is precision, stable as before in production and manufacturing efficiency are approved in the spare parts. To the abdomen board and the aperture of lesser diameter on predestined relationship board, because used U to get, exceed the new-style precision aperture such as getting of essence of life and high speed reamer to make aperture tool, use angle milling head at the same time, swing in machine tool of 3 coordinate numerical control or main shaft of 5 coordinate machine tool below the condition of very small angle, achievable the treatment of these place precision aperture and groove of spare parts sidewall. Because used new tool, numerical control made technology of Kong Gong art get developing, make clip is installed to be able to complete a part through 9 on numerical control machine tool the full treatment of all craft structure, the development way that processing technique of compound of concentration of this kind of working procedure, type of work already made CNC Machining of modern plane structural member. 4 treatment are out of shape the technology of high speed cutting of control and titanium alloy got developing to be out of shape in spare parts treatment command a respect, except use surplus of statified, symmetrical purify, design reasonable contrail taking a knife, outside choosing appropriate craft cutting parameter to wait for arrange inflict, in have the numerical control machine tool of cold function inside main shaft to go up, use means of refrigeration of high pressure of cutting tool center, also be to make sure the spare parts when deep chamfer antrum is machined cools adequately, because heat in metal cutting produces treatment metabolic,decrease effective method. The respect is machined in the cutting of titanium alloy spare parts, because choose tungsten cobalt in great quantities kind the broach of hard alloy of the cutting tool of integral hard alloy of hard alloy material, whole and reamer, set tine to solder cutting tool and but the cobaltic high-speed steel that dislocation cutting tool replaces a tradition the cutting tool of material, make blade of cutting tool cutting more sharp, increased the intensity of cutting blade and capacity of the caustic that fight collapse at the same time, of the cutting tool when machining titanium alloy be reduced somewhat by serious tatty circumstance. Use cut wide Ae suitably, cut deep Ap and feed, through raising cutting rate, improved the treatment efficiency of titanium alloy spare parts. Because used new cutting tool, the cutting speed of cutting titanium alloy already by traditional 20 ～ 30m/min, rise to 90 ～ 110m/min, the cutting process capability of structural member of plane titanium alloy got promoting considerably. The last word is efficient of cutting tool introduce and popularize, aid those who promoted technology of CNC Machining of plane structural member to develop quickly again, shortened we and the technical gap that abroad travels together. But depend on abroad the tool making hole of cutting tool of the high accuracy knife handle that at present home uses, high-powered high speed cutting, high accuracy to import greatly, procurement cycle is long, purchase cost tall, and the high accuracy of cutting tool repeats blade is ground and repeat coating to cannot get assuring, rate of cutting tool repeated usage is low. These were brought about at present cost resides the cutting tool in production process of domestic airlines structural member not to fall high, because deliver the goods to affect the phenomenon that the spare parts produces not in time to also happen from time to tome, the promotion of the use of new cutting tool and new technology was restricted on certain level, accordingly, efficient cutting tool is homebred change requirement increasingly pressing. In the meantime, at present the whole life monitoring of immanent cutting cutting tool and administrative field just are in the country start level, in future inside certain period, it is proper motion design, good to make and be used efficient cutting tool, stimulative our country comes true at an early date from make big country leap to what create big country, no matter the cutting tool manufacturing industry to China still is aviation manufacturing industry, it is the problem that must be faced and solves as soon as possible. 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